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THE FORCE IN JUDO
Author: Professor Néstor Figueroa |
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The Judo has been modernized in many aspects like sport phenomenon that is it, thus in the improvement of facilities for its practice, clothes, organization of matches, rules of competition, diffusion of schools, improvements of training methods and education, promotion and expansion of the sport, courses of arbitration and training, etc.
Particularly this modernization can be appraised in the competition matches, in which the participants are distributed according to categories of physical weight, independently of their degree, age, knowledge, skill, experience.
What it is possible to be extracted like brief commentary of the most recent international matches; perhaps reflected in the statistics of used techniques more; puntaje frequencies: Ippon, wazari, koka, Yuko; number of gained medals; frequency of accidents and injuries; duration of combats, etc.
As also in the consideration that the growth of the technical quality has not gone of the hand with modernity, rather that the use of the force in Judo has been replacing the use of the talent to demolish the adversary.
It is common today in day to appreciate specially in men, who technical for example like You guruma, Uki waza, Kata guruma, Morote gari, or Kuchiki daoshi, is orchestrated with application of a high content of force that definitively replaces the talent or the ability.
To this one mechanics the mixture is accompanied by certain shades of Fight Libre or Wrestling in the techniques of the Judo, which means, that the athlete of the Judo, it will require of a great power for " raising " in weight to his rival. That is, more muscular mass, in order to make it capable to replace the other option to replace the ability and the use of the physical mechanics in the techniques of Judo.
Which involves as well, the installation of a setup program added for the development of the muscular force, that later, could take us to the interminable race " to construct " super athletes of the Judo, with specific use of " special agents " of additional nutrition which they allow to obtain that extraordinary force necessary to raise to the adversary in weight. With which it would be contributed to disappear the aspect of the smooth way of the Judo, that is the essence of this discipline taught by the teacher Jigoro Kano.
When we see the videos of the Kano and Mifune teachers, developing its extraordinary talent to unbalance adversaries who surpassed them in weight; and to remarkable others judokas of those physical characteristics, in competitions where there is no the classification of categorias of weights as it is in the Japanese matches, we remained little less than extasiados to appreciate as in their movements the laws of the physical mechanics are demonstrated capably.
A technique of Judo has several components as they are: angle, moment, direction, imbalance, distance, reaction, speed, and of course force; but we spoke of an intelligent force, of a controlled force, putting to the service of the talent and the art for the effective application of the biomechanics of the Judo.
The force when it is applied by she herself is an explosion of uncontrolled energy, or what we called brute force; and when this desembalse of accumulated force is neutralized, the person that used it, is annulled, disarticulated, without decision and resources to reactivate itself then, because she lost his only argument, the brute force.
Consequently, the force is necessary, but it is necessary to administer it wisely, to dose it, so that as much in the function of aerobic resistance like in the anaeróbica, the muscles do not lose his capacity of funcionabilidad, even with variations in the oxygen levels.
It is the capacity or functional and physiological power that allows to surpass certain resistance, using for it the voluntary muscular contraction. The mathematical formula to define the force is, Force is equal to Mass by Acceleration.
F = ma
According to this approach, to increase the force, we must increase to the mass and or the acceleration. Although in the human body not always one occurs to this experience of displacement of the mass and application of an acceleration.
According to the fatigue and degree of resistance, the force occurs in three modalities:
Maximum force: it is the Maxima voluntary muscular contraction in intensity conducted by the system to neuromuscular. This type of force is more well-known in those sport disciplines in where a very great resistance is due to surpass.
Fast Force: it is the muscular contraction of medium intensity to surpass a resistance, but using the Maxima speed or acceleration.
Force Resistance: it is the stable capacity to surpass the fatigue in a certain time.
The force has to educate it and to develop it, and to use it intelligently; in order to make of her an athletic quality; the muscles must prove themselves in different types from resistance and difficulties; carrying out regimes of contractions, segun the extension or shortening of the muscle (length); and segun the intensity of the voltage; and of the type of movements like: static or isometric; dynamic or isotónico (concentric, eccentric); isocinético.
However, the factors that influence in desarrolo of the force are: type of muscular fiber; thickness of the muscle; regulation to neuromuscular; angle of action of the force; muscular temperature; age, and sex.
What we looked for is the improvement of the yield of the neuro-muscular system with stimuli of muscular contraction, in the voltage of the sinews and the length of the muscle.
The neuro-muscular coordination is important in addition because by her the athlete will carry out his movements of way harmonious, balanced, and effective; in a neuro-muscular integration of its biomecanic.
Until the point in which the movements are made of unconscious way, automatic, effective; happening of a conscious process to a reflected process. In which four sequences take part:
a) Mental attitude.
b) Knowledge and practice of the movement
c) Economization and effectiveness of the movement.
d) Reflected automatization of the movement.
On another side, on the gain of muscle, the form to work muscles, to reach maximum force yield, she will be advisable aid with equipment of weights or machines; following of a general way this one policy:
i) To maximum weights - mini repetitions - maximum pauses - few series - slow movements - to obtain Maxima it forces.
II) To smaller weights - maximum repetitions - brief pauses - more series - fast movements - to improve max resistance and speed.
The modern physical preparation of a competitor of Judo requires the aid of complementary methods as they are the rise of dosed weight; looking for to basically improve the force of speed and resistance, in order to establish a perfect joint with the use of the reflections and the reactions of the body.
This type of work of weights must become in incremental progressive form, the idea is not to gain great muscular mass but power, quality of force, that must be combined with a suitable feeding balanced and rich in proteins to absorb the demand of calories during the training.
Not forgetting in addition the importance to the respiratory function cardio, and the inclusion of the practice of the callisthenics or to cross a minimum number of weekly kilometers, that allow to be improving the cardiovascular function, resistance to the physical effort, and familiarizing to muscles to work with mini oxygen in very intense demands.
