| INTRODUCTION TO THE THEORY OF JUDO |
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Judo, like in all body of systematized knowledge, of one disciplined sport; it requires a theoretic frame that is uniform, universal and with a terminology of it's own and methodology to also understand. So that in its study and practice, and anywhere of the world in where the Judo is developed; the structure and the processes of work, must be always fitted in a similar optics, and that is understood and visualized like the theory of the Judo. We are going to describe next, some introductory but fundamental elements in the composition of which he must be understood like the introduction to the theory of the Judo, and which they are the following ones:
Investigations of the General Theory of Systems, the observation and the study of the anatomical and physiological organization of the human body; asi like of the chemistry and the mechanics of cells, the processes of the fluids, and the function of the devices of the organism; surprising advances and applications in the field of the telecommunications, the cybernetics, the businesses, the Telematics, and the social organizations have brought.
In the Judo, like in many sport activities and of the Martial Arts also, we can find some concepts that they have to do with scientific aspects and of applied biomechanics:
a) The Physical Mechanics
East point has a special or capital importance in the description with the biomechanic processes of the Judo, as they are: the mechanics of forces and movements; the process and control of actions; the principles astrophysicists of rotation and transferring; action and reaction, work and result, pressure and expansion; size and depth; speed and distance; force and power; balance and balance; handle and support; angle, moment and direction; efficiency and effectiveness.
These concepts of the mechanical physics, are integrated and harmonized with the physiological complexity of the movements of the body, its morphology, and its answers, giving like result the phenomenon of biomechanics in the Judo.
b) Individual Aptitudes or Capacities
In practices it of the Judo, add other own factors of the aptitudes or capacities, asi like of the sensitivity and the emotions of each medical instructor or person, as they are:
Elegance and plasticity, beauty and accurate; resistance and force, agility and flexibility; balance and elasticity, skill and talent; reaction and coordination, emotional maturity and positive mentality; knowledge and experience, pedagogy and formation; communication and creativity, cooperation and mutual effort; satisfaction and virtuosity, modesty and humility.
The teachers Jigoro Kano, Kyuzo Mifune, and the talented disciples of these; they studied, they applied and they taught deeply these scientific and human principles, and they applied them in the development of the Judo.
c) Applied Science
the Judo is that art of the smooth way, a form simple to live and to understand the things of the life, doing them simpler and effective. Living with satisfaction and mutual service.
When the snow of the winter falls on the trees and it is accumulated heavy, the branches support that weight until certain limit, beyond that capacity, the branches bend elastic and plastic, dropping the snow to the ground, and soon the branches recover their original position.
The observation of this natural phenomenon, probably inspired to the Dr Jigoro Kano has to observe and to meditate about the phenomena of the nature; like the behavior of the wind, the movement of the waves of the sea, the movements of the Earth around the sun, of the center of gravity of the human body, the forces centripetal and centrifugal.
And to later formulate a scientific body of doctrine that could be applied in a philosophy of the intelligent one and calmed way to live, and to form a modern Martial Art that I call Judo to him, the art of the smooth way.
The old Itsusu nonKata, reflects that interpretation and knowledge of the laws and forces of the nature and the cosmos, and their influence and application in the life of the human beings.
In Judo the force takes advantage of and the speed of the opponent to let pass it and fold it, the force of the opponent is lost and a new force is applied to him but in another direction, with which the opponent loses his balance and control is taken from him.
This it is the economic principle of the Maxima effectiveness with the minimum effort.
Like everything in the life, the Judo has also undergone the impact of the modern life, the technological advance, and of the new styles of life of the societies.
Of the art of the smooth way, the Judo has become a sport and highly competitive discipline, generating detras a great industry of resources, organizations, markets, and with very diverse expectations.
And certain it is that, of the philosophy and scientific principles of the Judo, little or anything they are taught at the moment in the Dojos; woefully this one is a benefit that has been diluted with time and that wakes up little interest with the anxious modern life and the dynamics of the expectations that are lived in the circle of the Judo deports.
Asi is appraised that in the methodologies of training, rules of competition, gears, symbols, and in the psychology of the sportsman, they have been influenced by the modern technology. And also because it is lived more fast, and they become and the results of the things are expected more fast also.
The modern Judo practices now with a special tool, the brute force, with great use of violence, the one that sends is most robust; to the Judo a mixture of rise of weights has been gotten up him, it fights frees and wrestling; in a luck of the aim it justifies means.
The stylists of Judo are disappearing; like in boxing, the talented ones are more and more decreasing in number.
Now in tatami it is walked little, almost has been stopped, hard, and looking to apply to the factor surprise to enter strongly; desperate pulling, hidden blows, deep scratches, dirty movements, dirty Judo. This happens often.
Combinations are almost not seen, nor the elegant displacement, the previous feint to enter; neither the Kuzushi as essential factor of sends, nor the Tsukuri and nor the Kake are or the harmonic sequence of the imbalance, but rather the imposition of a superior force that demolishes, that devastates any thing that is standing.
There are evident changes, there are differences with the Judo of the little of Jigoro Kano, Kyuzo Mifune, Kazuzo Kudo, Toshiro Daigo, Gunji Koizumi, Kawaishi, Mitsuko Maeda (Count Koma), Hikoichi Aida, Ishiguro, Shinzo Takagaki, Ishiro Abe, Kogi Sone, Akio Kaminaga, Isao Inokuma, Nobuyuki Sato and other talented ones.
They are not only names, they are the men who took and taught the Judo to the world, and its technique and style they are models that are due to follow, because that one is the true Judo.
It is difficult to speak of a technical-sport evolution of the Judo like Budo system; at least outside Asia and Latin America, because we see that their scientific and artistic essences tend to be diluted in these modern times.
The modernly competitive Judo, finishing century twenty, has gained speed, force, resistance, agility, coordination. Nevertheless, there is a declivity as far as creativity, quality and beauty; mystic, imbalance, balance, technique, harmony, mechanics, variety and label.
She makes me remember the differences of quality between futbol of Sudamerica and the one of Europe; first he is flexible, artistic, talented, is a delight to the tribunes; the second is robust, strong, fast, cold: mechanic.
Judo has expanded everywhere, no longer is exclusive patrimony of Japan, it practices in all the continents, and it has generated the physical adaptation of this art to idiosyncrasy and capacities and of talents of each society; which does that the traditional essences of this one noble discipline are not followed as taught its founder to them, and that have tried to be preserved by the Kodokan.
Of another side, the interest towards the practice and diffusion of the Katas have been lost also, except for when they are requisite to obtain degree promotions.
The Katas reflect the masters reached in the concepts and techniques of the Judo, bequeathing the fundamental forms of the Budo; they allow to develop in addition philosophy to the system; asi like the order, disciplines, coordination, harmony of movements and labels.
Same way, the evaluation of the progress in judocas often tie and is valued segun its participation in competitions, and it is far from the spirit of the Bushido; forgetting the recreational criterion, the academic one, the one of diffusion, the one of improvement and office, the one of experience and the own mystic of the discipline; in addition to the capacities and own limitations of the age of judocas.
Let us think that in the present the situation actually of the Judo it would be possible to be summarized to four expectations of development:
a) To dream up like competitor and later to become trainer.
b) To be developed like instructor and teacher later.
c) Lograr expectations of being a judge or I arbitrate.
d) perhaps a good combination of a, b, c and d, in its due time, opportunity, and capacity.
In each case there are goals and noninterdependent intentions like line of race, all the options go by parallel routes with specific goals.
And exactly, because different formalities of the Judo also occur in them. That they do not respond metodologias, standardized and concatenated lines of race, and intentions that exists actually of this sport discipline.
A complete, traditional, trustworthy education, and with future intentions is that that could be applied to the childhood and its complex sicomotricidad; it is in the children in where it is the fertile field, without adhesions and slants, and in those who it is possible to be seeded good seeds of pedagogía of the sport Judo.
Autor: Néstor Figueroa
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